Before starting Ihram (sacredness), it's a good idea to wash your entire body by making a Ghusl (ritual bath), waxing certain parts of the body such as the armpits and pubic area, clipping the nails, trimming the moustache and putting perfume on the body and not on the Ihram garment (musk, for example).
After performing the Ghusl (ritual bath), the pilgrim ties the Izar (a kind of white loincloth) and puts on his upper body the Rida (white sheet). For footwear, the haj (pilgrim) will wear sandals. It is possible to carry the Ihram garment with you in your hotel room before going to the Miqat (place of sacredness), as the Prophet did. (Peace and blessings be upon him) and the Sahaba.
After this, the haj (pilgrim) boards the bus to travel to Mecca via the Miqat. In our case, as we come from Medina, our Miqat will be that of Dhou-El Houlayfa also known as Abyar-Ali (12 km from Medina).
Once at the Miqat, pilgrims for whom the Miqat is Dhou El Houlayfa may (an advisable but not obligatory act) perform a supererogatory prayer as the place is blessed.
If the pilgrim arrives at the Miqat at the time of the Dohr prayer, he performs the Dohr prayer and then formulates his intention (as the Messenger of ALLAH did), Peace and blessings be upon him).
As soon as he finishes his prayer, and decides to enter the state of Irham (sacredness), the haj (pilgrim) stands in the direction of the Qibla (standing) to make the following intention:
"My Lord, I have come to your call to perform 'Umrah".
to which we can add
and "without ostentation or seeking a reputation".
If you fear that something will prevent you from completing the Umrah or Hajj, you can add the following to the previous sentence:
"My Lord, I will desecrate myself wherever You make me stop".
As soon as the pilgrim is in his bus, he starts to make the Talbiya (out loud):
"I answer Your call, O Allah! I answer Your call. You have no partner. Praise and Blessing belong to You, as well as Royalty, You have no partner".
Pilgrims must say the Talbiya throughout their journey. From time to time, he may add the Tahlil :
"There is no god but ALLAH". 
Bear in mind that in a state of sacredness (Ihram), certain things become forbidden such as :
These 7 prohibitions apply to both men and women. However, there are two other prohibitions that are exclusive to men.
These are :
As for the sisters, they can wear whatever clothes they like; however, they must not wear gloves or hide their faces with a sitar, for example.
When the pilgrim arrives at the blessed place of Mecca (AL HARAMOU AL MAKKI), and the houses of Mecca are sighted, the Haj (pilgrim) stops pronouncing the Talbiya to devote himself to performing certain acts, which are :
It is a good idea for pilgrims (haj) to wash their entire body by performing the "Ghusl" (ritual bath, during which the entire body must be bathed in water using hygiene products). unscented) and to enter the sacred city of Mecca in broad daylight (if this is possible by ALLAH's permission).
Once the pilgrim has put down his belongings in his hotel room, he proceeds to the Masjid el Haram (which means in Arabic: Sacred Mosque) by entering through the BANOU SHAYBA gate, stepping forward with his right foot and proclaiming the following phrase:
"May the Peace and Salvation of Allah be upon Muhammad, O Allah, open to me the gates of Thy Mercy".
Once the pilgrim sees the Holy Ka'ba, he can raise his hands to invoke the Lord of the Universe and make dou'as, i.e. invocations (the eminent Ibn Abbas, may ALLAH be pleased with himhad done so). There is no dou'a in particular, however it is said that the Prince of the Believers OMAR (may ALLAH be pleased with him) invoked as follows (phonetic version) :
Then the pilgrim goes to black stone (= AL-Hajarou El-Aswad), stands in front of her and says:
Then he touches her and kisses her.
If he cannot actually kiss her, he touches her with his right hand and then kisses her hand. If he cannot even touch her, the pilgrim will wave his hand at her from a distance. The pilgrim repeats this every turn.
It should be noted that it is not permitted to push other pilgrims to approach and attempt to kiss AL-Hajar El-Aswad (=the black stone).
Before you start The Tawaaf El Qoudoum (arrival tawaf), the pilgrim must leave his right shoulder bare by passing his Rida (=sheet or shawl) under his right armpit and then putting it over his left shoulder. This is called EL-IDTEBA'.
From this point, the pilgrim begins his TAWAF by making laps around the Ka'ba so that the Ka'ba is on his left, passing behind EL-HIDJR. The pilgrim is obliged to make seven turns (CHAWT), each time he passes in front of the black stone, one CHAWT (one turn) is counted. The pilgrim must make the first three turns while hastening his pace (AL-RAML): this is only done in TAWAAF EL-QOUDOUM), then he walks for the last 4.
It is a good idea to touch your hand to EL-ROUKN EL YAMANI (the name of the corner before the corner of the black stone) each time you pass (no kissing in this situation). If this is not possible, it is not necessary to make a sign with the hand.
It is good to recite during the distance that separates EL-ROUKN EL YAMANI and the black stone:
Which means "O Lord! Grant us good in this world and in the hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the fire".
It should be noted that, apart from the dou'a mentioned above, the Tawaf does not contain any specific dou'as as some people think. Pilgrims can therefore say any dou'a they wish or recite from the Holy Koran.
It is possible to go to a place called the Moultazam (the place between the black stone and the door of the Ka'ba) to make dou'as by placing the face, chest, hands and forearms on this place.
When the 7th round is completed, the pilgrim covers his right shoulder.
Then it goes to MAQAM IBRAHIM i.e. Ibrahim's station, and recites the following verse:
(= approximate meaning) : "Adopt as your place of prayer the place where Ibrahim stood"..
Thereafter, the pilgrim places himself behind the station of Ibrahim so that the Maqam Ibrahim is between the pilgrim and the Ka'ba, and he performs 2 units of prayer (rak'a) with Sura EL KAFIROUN (n°109) in the 1st rak'a and Sura AL IKHLAS (n°112) in the second rak'a, with ALLAH's permission. Pilgrims should take care not to pass in front of pilgrims at prayer, and not to allow others to pass in front of them.
After this prayer, the well of ZAM ZAM is no longer accessible, it heads for the watering holes and drinksZamzam water until he is full and he also puts some on his head. Then he goes to AL-Hajar El-Aswad (= black stone) and utters the takbir "ALLAHOU AKBAR" and kisses him as described above.
After that, the pilgrim heads in the direction of Safa. As soon as he is near Safa, he recites the following ayah (verse from the Koran):
"INNA SAFA WA-L-MARWATA MIN CHA'AIRI ALLAHI, FAMAN HAJJA-l-BAYTA AWI 'TAMARA FALA JOUNAHA 'ALEYHI AN YATAWAFA BIHIMA, WA MAN TATAWA'A KHAYRAN FA INNA ALLAHA CHAKIROUN 'ALIM".
Approximate meaning "SAFA and MARWA are truly among ALLAH's sacred places. Whoever makes the pilgrimage to the (Sacred) House or makes the OMRA does not commit a sin by going back and forth between these two mounts. And whoever does a good deed of his own free will, then ALLAH is Grateful, Omniscient".
The haj (pilgrim) then said: "NABDAOU BIMA BADAA ALLAHOU BIHI". Approximate meaning: "I begin with what ALLAH has mentioned first".
Then, the pilgrim begins with Mount SAFA: he climbs it so that he sees the KA'BA, he goes in its direction and pronounces the formula:
Approximate meaning :
"Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. There is no god but Allah, Alone, without partner, to Him belongs Kingship and to Him belongs praise, He gives life and gives death, and He is Capable of all things. There is no god but Allah, Alone, without partner. He has fulfilled His promise, granted victory to His servant and vanquished all factions Alone."
Then the pilgrim raises his hands and performs the dou'as he wishes with ALLAH's permission. He repeats this 3 times in a row, pronouncing again the formula seen previously and invoking dou'as in between.
After this, the pilgrim descends from the Mount of Safa to the Mount of Marwa (by walking), performing dou'as along the way. As soon as the pilgrim reaches the first marker (a green light), he must hasten his pace to reach the second marker (also a green light). At this point (as soon as he reaches the 2nd marker), the pilgrim can walk normally until he reaches the mount of Marwa.
The haj (pilgrim) climbs it and does the same thing as when he was in Safa, going in the direction of the Ka'ba and saying, as before, the formula:
The pilgrim will also make dou'as in between. The first journey (Chawt) is then completed.
He then descends from Mount Marwa to Mount Safa, hastening his walk between the two green lights (the markers). Once on Mount Safa, the haj (pilgrim) repeats the actions performed on the 1st occasion: he thus completes the 2nd journey (Chawt).
The pilgrim will make, with the help of ALLAH, 7 journeys (Chawt). The final journey ends on the Mount of Marwa.
It should be noted that the Ayah (verse) "INNA S-SAFA WA-L-MARWATA..." is only read when the pilgrim approaches Mount Safa for the 1st time before beginning the SA'I. Neither should it be reread each time the pilgrim passes Mount Safa or Marwa. The same applies to the words: "ABDAOU BIMA...".
The Sa'i has no particular dou'a: the pilgrim can therefore say the dou'a he wishes insha ALLAH. However, there is a dou'a that the companions used to say:
When the haj (pilgrim) completes the 7 journeys (Chawt), he cuts his hair a little. If the time between Umrah and Hajj allows the hair to grow back, the pilgrim will shave it off insha'Allah.
The pilgrim has just completed his Umrah. He therefore desacralizes himself by ALLAH's permission.
The haramainvoyages.com team has put together a 5-stage explanation of the Umrah.
to help pilgrims understand this rite...
